Qutubuddin
Aibak (1206 to 1210 AD)
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He was a slave of Mohammad Ghori.
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He was the first Sultan of Delhi and founder of the Ghulam dynasty (Mamluk Sultanate) of India.
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He died while playing polo in Lahore.
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He built the Quwwat Al Islam mosque in Delhi and the Adhai-din-ka-Jhonpra mosque in Ajmer.
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He started the construction of Qutb Minar in Delhi, which is dedicated to a famous Sufi Saint of the time, Qutubuddin Bakhtiar Kaki.
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He is also remembered as lakhbaksh or giver of lakhs, because of his generosity.
Iltutmish
(1211–28 April 1236)
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He was the first to issue regular currency and declare Delhi as the capital of his empire.
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He introduced the silver tanka and the copper jital – the two basic coins of the Sultanate period, with a standard weight of 175 grains.
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He introduced Iqtadari system: division of empire into Iqtas, which were assigned to the nobles and officers in lieu of salary.
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He built the Hauz-i-Shamsi reservoir in Mehrauli in 1230.
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He completed the Qutub Minar started by Qutubuddin Aibak.
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Sultan Ghari which is considered the first Islamic Mausoleum in Delhi, was constructed by him in memory of his eldest son, Prince Nasiru’d-Din Mahmud.
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Genghis Khan, the Mongolian invader appeared for the first time on the banks of river Indus, during his reign.
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He was the longest serving Slave ruler who ruled for 25 years.
Razia
Sultan (10 November 1236 – 14 October 1240 )
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Razia was the first lady to sit on the throne of Delhi.
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She succeeded her father Shams-ud-din Iltutmish to the Sultanate of Delhi in 1236.
Balban
Reign (1266–1286)
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His original name was Baharuddin.
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He is considered the greatest Sultan of slave dynasty.
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He was a slave bought by Sultan Iltutmish.
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He introduced the Persian culture of Zaminbos that is lying flat on one’s face before the emperor.
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He adopted a policy of blood and iron against rebels, traitors and robbers.
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He got the title of Ulagh Khan for defeating the Mongols.
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He suppressed the rebellious tribe Meo, the people of Mewat who used to plunder the people of Delhi even in the day light.
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Balban ruled with an iron fist.
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He broke up the Chahalgani, a group of the forty most important nobles in the court.
Ala-ud-din
Khilji (19 July 1296–4 January 1316)
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He was the second ruler of the Khilji dynasty in India and is considered the most powerful ruler of the dynasty.
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He became the Sultan after murdering his uncle Jalaluddin Khilji.
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He established an effective espionage system to curb any revolt from his followers.
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He was the first Sultan to maintain a standing army.
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He was the first Sultan to conquer the Deccan.
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He created the third city of Delhi known as Siri.
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He is known for his economic reforms and price control system.
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Alauddin Khilji seized the famous Koh-i-Noor diamond from the ruler of Malwa.
Ghiyas
ud-Din Tughluq (8 September 1321 – February 1325)
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His original name was Ghazi Malik.
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He founded the city of Tughluqabad.
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He died when a pavilion built for him collapsed.
Muhammad
bin Tughluq (1325–20 March 1351)
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His original name was Jauna Khan.
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He introduced token currency using brass or copper coins backed by silver or gold in treasury.
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However, the measure lead to heavy losses to the treasury.
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He shifted his capital from Delhi to Devagiri, which he renamed as Daulatabad, but as the plan failed he shifted back to Delhi.
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Ibn Batuta, the famous Moroccan traveler, visited him during his reign.
Firoz
Shah Tughlaq (1351– 20 September 1388)
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He was the son of a Hindu princess of Dipalpur.
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He is best known for the construction of a network of canals.
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He founded several cities, including Jaunpur, Firozpur, Firoz Shah Kotla and Hissar-Firoza.
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He rebuilt the top two floors of the Qutub Minar which were damaged by lightning in 1368 AD.
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One of his hunting lodges, Shikargah, also known as Kushak Mahal, is situated within the Teen Murti Bhavan complex, Delhi.
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Tughlaq Road in Delhi is named after him.
Sikandar
Lodhi (17 July 1489 – 21 November 1517)
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He founded the modern city of Agra.
Ibrahim
Lodhi (1517 – 21 April 1526)
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The last of Delhi Sultans, he was defeated and killed in the 1st Battle of Panipat against Babur in 1526.
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